Yintoni iSulfur Recovery?
Ukubuyisela isulfureyinkqubo ebalulekileyo kushishino lokusulungekisa i-petroleum, ejolise ekususeni iikhompawundi zesulfure kwi-oyile ekrwada kunye nezinto eziphuma kuyo. Le nkqubo ibalulekile ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemigaqo yokusingqongileyo nokuvelisa amafutha acocekileyo. Iingqungquthela zesulfure, ukuba zingasuswa, zingakhokelela ekubunjweni kwe-sulfure dioxide (SO₂) ngexesha lokutsha, igalelo ekungcoleni komoya kunye nemvula ye-asidi. Inkqubo yokubuyisela isulfure ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukuguqula i-hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), i-byproduct yokucoca, kwi-elemental sulfur okanye i-asidi ye-sulfuric.
Enye yeendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiukubuyisela isulfureyinkqubo yeClaus, ebandakanya uthotho lweekhemikhali eziguqula i-H₂S ibe yisulfure esisiseko. Inkqubo ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya izigaba ze-thermal kunye ne-catalytic, apho i-H₂S iqala i-oxidized kwi-sulfur dioxide (SO₂) kwaye iphendule nge-H₂S eninzi ukuvelisa isulfure kunye namanzi. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yeClaus kunokuphuculwa ngokuyidibanisa nobunye ubuchwepheshe, obufana neeyunithi zonyango lwegesi yomsila, ukuphumeza amazinga aphezulu okubuyisela isulfure.
I-PR-100 kunye nendima yayo ekuBuyiselweni kweSulfur
I-PR-100 yi-catalyst yobunini esetyenziselwa inkqubo yokubuyisela isulfure. Yenzelwe ukunyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yeClaus ngokuphucula amazinga okuguqulwa kwe-H₂S kwisulfure ye-elemental. II-PR-100 catalystiyaziwa ngomsebenzi wayo ophezulu kunye nokuzinza, okuvumela ukusebenza kakuhle kwiiyunithi zokubuyisela isulfure. Ngokusebenzisa i-PR-100, iindawo zokucoca zinokufikelela kumazinga aphezulu okubuyisela isulfure, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa, kunye nokuthobela imimiselo engqongqo yokusingqongileyo.
I-PR-100 ye-catalyst isebenza ngokubonelela ngeyona ndawo iphezulu yeekhemikhali ezibandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yeClaus. Iququzelela i-oxidation ye-H₂S kwi-SO₂ kunye nokuphendula okulandelayo kwe-SO₂ kunye ne-H₂S ukwenza isulfure. Indawo ephezulu ye-catalyst kunye neziza ezisebenzayo ziqinisekisa ukuba ezi ntshukumo zenzeka ngokufanelekileyo, nokuba kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Oku akuphuculi kuphela izinga lokubuyisela isulfure ngokubanzi kodwa kunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwenkqubo.
UHlaziyo lweCCR kwiMveliso yeGasoline
I-Continuous Catalytic Reforming (CCR) yinkqubo ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwepetroli ene-octane ephezulu. Ibandakanya ukuguqulwa kwe-octane ephantsi ye-octane kwi-high-octane reformate, eyona nxalenye ephambili yepetroli. Inkqubo yeCCR isebenzisa i-platinum-based catalyst ukuququzelela i-dehydrogenation, i-isomerization, kunye ne-cyclization yee-hydrocarbons, okukhokelela ekwakhiweni kweekhompawundi ezinevumba elimnandi eziphakamisa ukulinganiswa kwe-octane ye-petroli.
Inkqubo yeCCR iyaqhubeka, oku kuthetha ukuba i-catalyst ihlaziywa ngokutsha kwi-situ, ivumela ukusebenza okungaphazamisekiyo. Oku kufezekiswa ngokuqhubekayo ngokususa i-catalyst echithiweyo, ukuyibuyisela ngokutsha ngokutshisa i-coke deposits, kwaye emva koko uyibuyisele kwi-reactor. Ubume obuqhubekayo benkqubo yeCCR buqinisekisa ukunikezelwa okuzinzile kwe-high-octane reformate, eyimfuneko ekuhlangabezaneni nemfuno yepetroli ephezulu.
Ukudityaniswa kweSulfur Recovery kunyeUkuguqulwa kweCCR
Ukudityaniswa kokubuyisela isulfure kunye neenkqubo zohlaziyo lweCCR kubalulekile kwiindawo zokucokisa zale mihla. Inkqubo yokubuyisela isulfure iqinisekisa ukuba i-H₂S eveliswe ngexesha lokucoca iguqulwa ngokufanelekileyo ibe yi-sulfure ye-elemental, ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo. Kwelinye icala, inkqubo yohlaziyo yeCCR inyusa umgangatho wepetroli ngokunyusa izinga layo le-octane.
Ngokudibanisa ezi nkqubo, iindawo zokucokisa zinokufezekisa ukuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-catalysts eziphambili ezifanaPR-100ekubuyiseleni isulfure kunye neplatinam-based catalysts kwi-CCR reforming iqinisekisa ukuba ezi nkqubo zisebenza kakuhle kwaye ziyasebenza. Oku kudityaniswa akuncedi kuphela iindawo zokucokisa ukuba zihlangabezane neemfuno zolawulo kodwa zikwabenza bakwazi ukuvelisa amafutha akumgangatho ophezulu ahlangabezana neemfuno zemarike.
Ukuqukumbela, ukubuyiswa kwesulfure yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kwishishini lokusulungekisa i-petroleum, ejolise ekususeni iikhompawundi zesulfure kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-catalysts eziphambili ezifanaPR-100kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokubuyisela isulfure. Ukongeza,Uhlaziyo lweCCRidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni i-octane ephezulu. Ukudityaniswa kwezi nkqubo kuqinisekisa ukuba iindawo zokucoca zinokufikelela kokubini ukuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso, igalelo kumhlaba ococekileyo nowongayo wamandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-20-2024