Izihlunu zemolekyuli: Funda malunga nezicelo zabo kunye nosetyenziso

 

ukwazisa

 Izisefu zemolekyuli, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-synthetic zeolites, zizinto ezixubileyo ezikhetha iimolekyuli ze-adsorb ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo kunye ne-polarity. Le propati ekhethekileyo ivumelaiisefu zemolekyuliukufumana uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kungena nzulu kumbuzo othi “Zisetyenziselwa ntoni iisefu zemolekyuli?” kwaye iphonononga ezinye izicelo eziqhelekileyo ngokweenkcukacha.

 

Izicelo zamashishini

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kweesefu zemolekyuli kushishino lwegesi kunye ne-oyile. Izisefu zemolekyuli zinendima ebalulekileyo ekususeni ukufuma nokungcola kwirhasi yendalo, ziyenza ilungele ukuthuthwa nokusetyenziswa. Ngokufanayo, iisefu ze-molecular zisetyenziselwa iinkqubo zokuchithwa kwe-ethanol kunye nokucoca i-hydrocarbons, eyenza ukuveliswa kwamafutha aphezulu kunye neekhemikhali.

Ukongezelela, i-molecular sieves isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokwahlula umoya, kubandakanywa nokuveliswa kwe-nitrogen, i-oksijini kunye nezinye iigesi zoshishino. Umthamo we-adsorption we-molecular sieves unceda ukwahlula i-oksijini emoyeni, ukuvelisa i-oksijeni ephezulu ecocekileyo ehlangabezana neemfuno zamashishini amaninzi kuquka ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, i-welding kunye nokusika isinyithi.

Kwishishini lepetrochemical,iisefu zemolekyuliyenza njenge-catalysts okanye i-adsorbents ngexesha lokuguqulwa kunye neenkqubo zokucoca. Bancedisa ekususeni ukungcola okufana nesulfure kunye ne-carbon dioxide kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwee-catalysts, ukuphucula ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali kunye namafutha.

Ukusetyenziswa kokusingqongileyo

Isakhono seemolekyuli zokubhengeza iimolekyuli zamanzi kulwelo kunye neegesi zibenza baxabiseke kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zokusingqongileyo. Umzekelo,iisefu zemolekyulizisetyenziswa kwizikhenkcezisi kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa umoya ukuze zisuse amanzi, ngaloo ndlela zithintela ukubola nokubanda.

 

Ukongezelela, i-molecular sieves isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-desiccants kwizinto zokupakisha ukugcina iimveliso ezifana namayeza kunye ne-electronics yomile. Iipropati ze-hygroscopic ze-sieves ze-molecular ziqinisekisa ukugcinwa komgangatho kunye nokwandisa ubomi beshelufu yezi mveliso ezinobuthathaka.

 

izicelo zonyango

Kwicandelo lezonyango,iisefu zemolekyuliidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni i-oksijini yonyango kunye nokususa i-carbon dioxide emoyeni okhutshwayo ngexesha le-anesthesia. Banceda ukulawula iigesi zonyango ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo, ukuphucula ukhathalelo lwesigulane.

 

ukuququmbela

Ngamafutshane, i-molecular sieves inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwaye zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwigesi yendalo, i-petroleum, i-petrochemical, ukukhuselwa kwendalo, unyango kunye namanye amashishini. Ukukwazi kwabo ukukhetha iimolekyuli ze-adsorb esekwe kubungakanani kunye ne-polarity kubenza babaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezisusela kukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokucocwa ukuya kukwahlulwa komoya kunye nokuphendula okukhawulezileyo. Njengoko imfuno yokucoca, ubugcisa obusebenzayo buqhubeka bukhula, iisefu zemolekyuli zihlala ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwimizi-mveliso emininzi kunye nezicelo zokusingqongileyo.