Uhlaziyo lwe-Catalytic yinkqubo ebalulekileyo kushishino lokusulungekisa i-petroleum, ejolise ikakhulu ekwandiseni umgangatho wepetroli. Phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zohlaziyo,Ukuhlaziywa kweCatalyst eqhubekayo(CCR) uhlaziyo lubalasele ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ekuveliseni i-octane ephezulu. Inxalenye ephambili yale nkqubo lutshintsho lwecatalyst, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuququzeleleni ukusabela kweekhemikhali eziyimfuneko ekuguquleni i-naphtha ibe ngamacandelo exabiso epetroli.
Yintoni iUkuguqulwa kweCCR?
Ukuguqulwa kwe-CCR yiteknoloji yokucoca yanamhlanje evumela ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kwe-catalyst esetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa. Le ndlela ichasene nokuguqulwa kwebhetshi yendabuko, apho i-catalyst isuswa rhoqo ukuze ihlaziywe. Kwi-CCR yokuguqulwa, i-catalyst isala kwi-reactor, kwaye ukuhlaziywa kwenzeka kwiyunithi eyahlukileyo, evumela ukuba kuqhutywe umsebenzi ozinzileyo kunye nokugqithisa okuphezulu. Le nkqubo iqhubekayo ayiphuculi kuphela isivuno sepetroli ye-octane ephezulu kodwa iphakamisa ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi wokucokisa.
Indima yeeNgxowa-mali kuHlaziyo
IiCatalysts zizinto ezikhawulezisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali ngaphandle kokutyiwa kwinkqubo. Kumxholo weUhlaziyo lweCCR, i-catalyst ibalulekile kwiimpendulo ezininzi, kuquka i-dehydrogenation, i-isomerization, kunye ne-hydrocracking. Ezi ntshukumo ziguqula ii-hydrocarbons ezithe ngqo zibe zii-branched-chain hydrocarbons, ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu we-octane kwaye zinqweneleka ngakumbi kwimixube yepetroli.
Ezona zixhaphakileyo zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuhlaziyo lweCCR zii-catalysts ezisekelwe kwiplatinam, zihlala zixhaswa kwi-alumina. IPlatinam iyathandwa ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo ogqwesileyo kunye nokukhetha ekukhuthazeni ukusabela okufunayo. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwe-bifunctional catalyst, edibanisa zombini iindawo zetsimbi kunye ne-asidi, ivumela ukuguqulwa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-naphtha kwiimveliso ze-octane eziphezulu. Iindawo zetsimbi ziququzelela i-dehydrogenation, ngelixa iindawo ze-asidi zikhuthaza i-isomerization kunye ne-hydrocracking.
Yiyiphi iCatalyst esetyenziswayo kuHlaziyo?
Kuhlaziyo lweCCR, ii-catalyst yokuqalaesetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo yiplatinam-alumina catalyst. Le catalyst yenzelwe ukumelana neemeko ezinzima zenkqubo yohlaziyo, kuquka amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo. Icandelo leplatinam lijongene nomsebenzi we-catalytic, ngelixa inkxaso ye-alumina ibonelela ngokuzinza kolwakhiwo kunye nommandla womgangatho wokuphendula okwenzekayo.
Ukongeza kwiplatinam, ezinye iintsimbi ezifana nerhenium zinokongezwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-catalyst. I-Rhenium inokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwe-catalyst ukuze ingasebenzi kwaye inyuse isivuno esipheleleyo se-octane ephezulu yepetroli. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-catalyst kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zenkqubo yokucoca kunye neenkcukacha ezifunwayo zemveliso.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuguqulwa kwee-catalysts, ngokukodwa kumxholo wokuguqulwa kwe-CCR, kubalulekile ekuveliseni i-petroli ephezulu. Ukukhethwa kwe-catalyst, ngokuqhelekileyo i-platinum-alumina formulation, ichaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yokuguqulwa. Njengoko imfuno yamafutha acocekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle iqhubeka nokunyuka, ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-catalyst kuya kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva lemveliso yepetroli. Ukuqonda izinto ezintsonkothileyo zezi ziphembeleli kunye nemisebenzi yazo kubalulekile ekusulungekiseni iingcali ezijolise ekuphuculeni imisebenzi yazo kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike eziguqukayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-31-2024